RTL8201F-phy芯片MDIO接口FPGA配置RMII模式
介绍
以太网物理层芯片支持10Mbps/100Mbps，支持mii、rmii接口；电路图上配置为RMII接口，寄存器也需要配置。

phy芯片使用的是rmii接口，用mdio配置，配置方法比较简单，先看MDIO接口时序：

MDC频率最高为2.5Mhz，phy在上升沿锁存MDIO的数据

phy address 是在挂多个phy芯片的时候用来识别phy的，下面看配置寄存器有哪些：
PHY配置寄存器

每个寄存器都有默认值，不配置也可以运行，当要修改配置或者查看phy发送接收芯片状态的时候就要使用mdio接口。
下面是写时序的例程可以参考一下：

module mdio_master (
    input  wire        clk,
    input  wire        rst,

    /*
     * Host interface
     */
    input  wire [4:0]  cmd_phy_addr,
    input  wire [4:0]  cmd_reg_addr,
    input  wire [15:0] cmd_data,
    input  wire [1:0]  cmd_opcode,
    input  wire        cmd_valid,
    output wire        cmd_ready,

    output wire [15:0] data_out,
    output wire        data_out_valid,
    input  wire        data_out_ready,

    /*
     * MDIO to PHY
     */
    output wire        mdc_o,
    input  wire        mdio_i,
    output wire        mdio_o,
    output wire        mdio_t,

    /*
     * Status
     */
    output wire        busy,

    /*
     * Configuration
     */
    input  wire [7:0]  prescale
);

localparam [1:0]
    STATE_IDLE = 2'd0,
    STATE_PREAMBLE = 2'd1,
    STATE_TRANSFER = 2'd2;

reg [1:0] state_reg = STATE_IDLE, state_next;

reg [16:0] count_reg = 16'd0, count_next;
reg [6:0] bit_count_reg = 6'd0, bit_count_next;
reg cycle_reg = 1'b0, cycle_next;

reg [31:0] data_reg = 32'd0, data_next;

reg [1:0] op_reg = 2'b00, op_next;

reg cmd_ready_reg = 1'b0, cmd_ready_next;

reg [15:0] data_out_reg = 15'd0, data_out_next;
reg data_out_valid_reg = 1'b0, data_out_valid_next;

reg mdio_i_reg = 1'b1;

reg mdc_o_reg = 1'b0, mdc_o_next;
reg mdio_o_reg = 1'b0, mdio_o_next;
reg mdio_t_reg = 1'b1, mdio_t_next;

reg busy_reg = 1'b0;

assign cmd_ready = cmd_ready_reg;

assign data_out = data_out_reg;
assign data_out_valid = data_out_valid_reg;

assign mdc_o = mdc_o_reg;
assign mdio_o = mdio_o_reg;
assign mdio_t = mdio_t_reg;

assign busy = busy_reg;

always @* begin
    state_next = STATE_IDLE;

    count_next = count_reg;
    bit_count_next = bit_count_reg;
    cycle_next = cycle_reg;

    data_next = data_reg;

    op_next = op_reg;

    cmd_ready_next = 1'b0;

    data_out_next = data_out_reg;
    data_out_valid_next = data_out_valid_reg & ~data_out_ready;

    mdc_o_next = mdc_o_reg;
    mdio_o_next = mdio_o_reg;
    mdio_t_next = mdio_t_reg;

    if (count_reg > 16'd0) begin
        count_next = count_reg - 16'd1;
        state_next = state_reg;
    end else if (cycle_reg) begin
        cycle_next = 1'b0;
        mdc_o_next = 1'b1;
        count_next = prescale;
        state_next = state_reg;
    end else begin
        mdc_o_next = 1'b0;
        case (state_reg)
            STATE_IDLE: begin
                // idle - accept new command
                cmd_ready_next = ~data_out_valid;

                if (cmd_ready & cmd_valid) begin
                    cmd_ready_next = 1'b0;
                    data_next = {2'b01, cmd_opcode, cmd_phy_addr, cmd_reg_addr, 2'b10, cmd_data};
                    op_next = cmd_opcode;
                    mdio_t_next = 1'b0;
                    mdio_o_next = 1'b1;
                    bit_count_next = 6'd32;
                    cycle_next = 1'b1;
                    count_next = prescale;
                    state_next = STATE_PREAMBLE;
                end else begin
                    state_next = STATE_IDLE;
                end
            end
            STATE_PREAMBLE: begin
                cycle_next = 1'b1;
                count_next = prescale;
                if (bit_count_reg > 6'd1) begin
                    bit_count_next = bit_count_reg - 6'd1;
                    state_next = STATE_PREAMBLE;
                end else begin
                    bit_count_next = 6'd32;
                    {mdio_o_next, data_next} = {data_reg, mdio_i_reg};
                    state_next = STATE_TRANSFER;
                end
            end
            STATE_TRANSFER: begin
                cycle_next = 1'b1;
                count_next = prescale;
                if ((op_reg == 2'b10 || op_reg == 2'b11) && bit_count_reg == 6'd19) begin
                    mdio_t_next = 1'b1;
                end
                if (bit_count_reg > 6'd1) begin
                    bit_count_next = bit_count_reg - 6'd1;
                    {mdio_o_next, data_next} = {data_reg, mdio_i_reg};
                    state_next = STATE_TRANSFER;
                end else begin
                    if (op_reg == 2'b10 || op_reg == 2'b11) begin
                        data_out_next = data_reg[15:0];
                        data_out_valid_next = 1'b1;
                    end
                    mdio_t_next = 1'b1;
                    state_next = STATE_IDLE;
                end
            end
        endcase
    end
end

always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (rst) begin
        state_reg <= STATE_IDLE;
        count_reg <= 16'd0;
        bit_count_reg <= 6'd0;
        cycle_reg <= 1'b0;
        cmd_ready_reg <= 1'b0;
        data_out_valid_reg <= 1'b0;
        mdc_o_reg <= 1'b0;
        mdio_o_reg <= 1'b0;
        mdio_t_reg <= 1'b1;
        busy_reg <= 1'b0;
    end else begin
        state_reg <= state_next;
        count_reg <= count_next;
        bit_count_reg <= bit_count_next;
        cycle_reg <= cycle_next;
        cmd_ready_reg <= cmd_ready_next;
        data_out_valid_reg <= data_out_valid_next;
        mdc_o_reg <= mdc_o_next;
        mdio_o_reg <= mdio_o_next;
        mdio_t_reg <= mdio_t_next;
        busy_reg <= (state_next != STATE_IDLE || count_reg != 0 || cycle_reg || mdc_o);
    end

    data_reg <= data_next;
    op_reg <= op_next;

    data_out_reg <= data_out_next;

    mdio_i_reg <= mdio_i;
end

endmodule

读时序图如下：

读时序和写时序一样，FPGA在上升沿锁存MDIO的数据。
**

配置RMII模式

**因为phy芯片电路配置的是rmii接口，需要使用mdio接口配置成rmii模式：
1）Register 0 Basic Mode Control Register：配置成默认值就可以；
2）Register 31 Page Select Register：要配置成RMII需要跳转到 RMII Mode Setting Register，后者属于page7, page sel为7；
3）Page 7 Register 16 RMII Mode Setting Register (RMSR)
电路图上晶振25m输出到CKXTAL2 pin.，需要配成7FFB；
Note: Set Page7, Register 16 to ‘7FFB’ when an external clock (25MHz and 50MHz) inputs to the CKXTAL2 pin.

然后再把register31配置成0就完成配置了。
链接如下：
https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_39577718/86912489