我正在尝试使用 Go 的 golang.org/x/crypto/ssh 库通过 Go 通过 SSH 连接到 Cisco 无线 Controller ，以编程方式配置接入点。我遇到的问题是在 Go 中正确解析 Controller CLI。例如，这是 Controller 的典型 SSH 登录:

$ ssh <controller_ip>


(Cisco Controller)
User: username
Password:****************
(Cisco Controller) >

我想弄清楚如何在 Go 中建立 SSH session 后发送用户名和密码。到目前为止，我能够成功通过 SSH 连接到 Controller ，但程序会在用户名提示符下退出，如下所示:

$ go run main.go 


(Cisco Controller) 
User: 

我将如何在提示时发送用户名，然后在提示密码时重复该操作？

没有抛出任何错误或给出退出代码，所以我不确定为什么程序会在用户名提示符下立即退出。但即使它没有以这种方式退出，我仍然不确定如何在 Controller 的 CLI 需要时发送用户名和密码。

这是我的代码:

package main

import (
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "log"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
    "strings"
    "path/filepath"
    "bufio"
    "fmt"
    "errors"
    "time"
)

const (
    HOST = "host"
)

func main() {
    hostKey, err := checkHostKey(HOST)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    key, err := ioutil.ReadFile("/Users/user/.ssh/id_rsa")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("unable to read private key: %v", err)
    }

    // Create the Signer for this private key.
    signer, err := ssh.ParsePrivateKey(key)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("unable to parse private key: %v", err)
    }

    // Create client config
    config := &ssh.ClientConfig{
        User: "username",
        Auth: []ssh.AuthMethod{
            ssh.Password("password"),
            // Use the PublicKeys method for remote authentication.
            ssh.PublicKeys(signer),
        },
        HostKeyCallback: ssh.FixedHostKey(hostKey),
        Timeout: time.Second * 5,
    }

    // Connect to the remote server and perform the SSH handshake.
    client, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", HOST+":22", config)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("unable to connect: %v", err)
    }
    defer client.Close()
    // Create a session
    session, err := client.NewSession()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("Failed to create session: ", err)
    }
    defer session.Close()

    stdin, err := session.StdinPipe()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    stdout, err := session.StdoutPipe()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    modes := ssh.TerminalModes{
        ssh.ECHO:          0,
        ssh.TTY_OP_ISPEED: 9600,
        ssh.TTY_OP_OSPEED: 9600,
    }

    if err := session.RequestPty("xterm", 0, 200, modes); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    if err := session.Shell(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    buf := make([]byte, 1000)
    n, err := stdout.Read(buf) //this reads the ssh terminal welcome message
    loadStr := ""
    if err == nil {
        loadStr = string(buf[:n])
    }
    for (err == nil) && (!strings.Contains(loadStr, "(Cisco Controller)")) {
        n, err = stdout.Read(buf)
        loadStr += string(buf[:n])
    }
    fmt.Println(loadStr)

    if _, err := stdin.Write([]byte("show ap summary\r")); err != nil {
        panic("Failed to run: " + err.Error())
    }
}

func checkHostKey(host string) (ssh.PublicKey, error) {
    file, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ssh", "known_hosts"))
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    defer file.Close()

    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
    var hostKey ssh.PublicKey
    for scanner.Scan() {
        fields := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
        if len(fields) != 3 {
            continue
        }
        if strings.Contains(fields[0], host) {
            hostKey, _, _, _, err = ssh.ParseAuthorizedKey(scanner.Bytes())
            if err != nil {
                return nil, errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("error parsing %q: %v", fields[2], err))
            }
            break
        }
    }

    if hostKey == nil {
        return nil, errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("no hostkey for %s", host))
    }

    return hostKey, nil
}

最佳答案

终于成功了。这是我受 this post 启发的新代码:

package main

import (
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "log"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
    "strings"
    "path/filepath"
    "bufio"
    "fmt"
    "errors"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    client, err := authenticate("10.4.112.11", "mwalto7", "lion$Tiger$Bear$")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("unable to connect: %v", err)
    }
    defer client.Close()

    // Create a session
    session, err := client.NewSession()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("Failed to create session: ", err)
    }
    defer session.Close()

    stdin, err := session.StdinPipe()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    session.Stdout = os.Stdout
    session.Stderr = os.Stderr

    if err := session.Shell(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    for _, cmd := range os.Args[1:] {
        stdin.Write([]byte(cmd + "\n"))
    }

    stdin.Write([]byte("logout\n"))
    stdin.Write([]byte("N\n"))

    session.Wait()
}

func authenticate(host, username, password string) (ssh.Client, error) {
    hostKey, err := checkHostKey(host)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    key, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ssh", "id_rsa"))
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("unable to read private key: %v", err)
    }

    // Create the Signer for this private key.
    signer, err := ssh.ParsePrivateKey(key)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("unable to parse private key: %v", err)
    }

    // Create client config
    config := &ssh.ClientConfig{
        User: username,
        Auth: []ssh.AuthMethod{
            ssh.Password(password),
            // Use the PublicKeys method for remote authentication.
            ssh.PublicKeys(signer),
        },
        HostKeyCallback: ssh.FixedHostKey(hostKey),
        Timeout: time.Second * 5,
    }

    // Connect to the remote server and perform the SSH handshake.
    client, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", host+":22", config)

    return *client, err
}

func checkHostKey(host string) (ssh.PublicKey, error) {
    file, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ssh", "known_hosts"))
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    defer file.Close()

    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
    var hostKey ssh.PublicKey
    for scanner.Scan() {
        fields := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
        if len(fields) != 3 {
            continue
        }
        if strings.Contains(fields[0], host) {
            hostKey, _, _, _, err = ssh.ParseAuthorizedKey(scanner.Bytes())
            if err != nil {
                return nil, errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("error parsing %q: %v", fields[2], err))
            }
            break
        }
    }

    if hostKey == nil {
        return nil, errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("no hostkey for %s", host))
    }

    return hostKey, nil
}

关于Golang SSH 到思科无线 Controller 并运行命令，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48052483/