我正在尝试改进一款战列舰游戏。原始版本工作正常，没有错误。我编写了代码来帮助克服第一个版本每次都将船只放在同一个地方的事实，所以我从一艘船(由两个正方形组成)开始。我通过创建两个函数来完成此操作:第一个函数生成一个随机坐标...
# Destroyer (2 squares)
def Deploy_Destroyer_1(Player):
rand_col_1 = randint(0,11)
if rand_col_1 <= 5:
rand_row_1 = randint(0,11)
else:
rand_row_1 = randint(6,11)
return rand_col_1
return rand_row_1
if Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] == 'X':
Deploy_Destroyer_1(Player)
else:
Deploy_Destroyer_2(Player)
第二个试验是根据条件进行协调(如果它适合板子以及它可以放置在哪个旋转位置)。
def Deploy_Destroyer_2(Player):
if rand_col_1 == 5 and rand_row_1 == 6:
#can be 1, 2, 3 or 4... in that order below
rand_position_1 = randint(1,4)
if rand_position_1 == 1:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 4:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif rand_col_1 in range(1,4) and rand_row_1 in range(1,10):
#can be any 1, 2, 3 or 4... in that order below
rand_position_1 = randint(1,4)
if rand_position_1 == 1:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 4:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif rand_col_1 in range(5,10) and rand_row_1 in range(7,10):
#can be any 1, 2, 3 or 4... in that order below
rand_position_1 = randint(1,4)
if rand_position_1 == 1:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 4:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif rand_col_1 == 0 and rand_row_1 == 0:
#can be any 1, 2, 3 or 4... in that order below
rand_position_1 = randint(1,4)
if rand_position_1 == 1:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 4:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif (rand_col_1 == 5 and rand_row_1 == 0) or (rand_col_1 == 11 and rand_row_1 ==6):
#can be one or four
#check brackets and booleans here
rand_position_1 = randint(1,2)
if rand_position_1 == 1: #position 1
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2: #position 4
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif rand_col_1 == 0 and rand_row_1 == 11:
#can be 2 or 3
rand_position_1 = randint(2,3)
if rand_position_1 == 2: #position 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3: #position 3
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
elif rand_col_1 == 11 and rand_row_1 == 11:
#can be 2 or 4
rand_position_1 = randint(1,2)
if rand_position_1 == 1: #position 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2: #position 4
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif (rand_row_1 == 0 and rand_col_1 in range(1,4)) or (rand_row_1 == 6 and rand_col_1 in range(6,10)):
#can be 1, 3 or 4
#check brackets and booleans here
rand_position_1 = randint(1,3)
if rand_position_1 == 1: #position 1
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2: #position 3
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3: #position 4
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif (rand_col_1 == 5 and rand_row_1 in range(1,5)) or (rand_col_1 == 11 and rand_row_1 in range(7,10)):
#can be 1, 2 or 4
#check brackets and booleans here
rand_position_1 = randint(1,3)
if rand_position_1 == 1: #position 1
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2: #position 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3: #position 4
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
elif rand_col_1 == 0 and rand_row_1 in range(1,10):
#can be 1, 2 or 3... in that order below
rand_position_1 = randint(1,3)
if rand_position_1 == 1:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 + 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 2:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3:
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
elif rand_col_1 in range(1,10) and rand_row_1 == 11:
#can be 2, 3 or 4
rand_position_1 = randint(1,3)
if rand_position_1 == 2: #position 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1 - 1][rand_col_1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 3: #position 3
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 + 1] = 2
if rand_position_1 == 4: #position 4
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1] = 2
Player[rand_row_1][rand_col_1 - 1] = 2
应用我的代码后，出现此错误。
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 310, in <module>
File "<stdin>", line 15, in PrintBoards
TypeError: sequence item 0: expected string, NoneType found
这里是 PrintBoards 函数
def PrintBoards(Player,Opponent):
print ' '*10, 'PLAYER', ' '*30, 'OPPONENT'
letters = ['A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L']
for x in range(6):
print letters[x]," ".join(map(DisplayChar,Player[x]))," "*18,"| "," ".join(map(DisplayChar,Opponent[x]))
for x in range(6,12):
print letters[x]," ".join(map(DisplayChar,Player[x]))," | "," ".join(map(DisplayChar,Opponent[x]))
print " "," ".join(map(str,range(1,10)))," 10 11 12"," "," ".join(map(str,range(1,10)))," 10 11 12"
这里是 DisplayChar 函数
def DisplayChar(x):
if x==0:
return '?'
elif x==1:
return ' '
elif x==2:
return 'X'
elif x==3:
return ' '
elif x==4:
return '*'
我尝试将上述函数编辑为...
def DisplayChar(x):
if x==0:
return '?'
elif x==2:
return 'X'
elif x==4:
return '*'
else:
return ' '
但是它给了我这个错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 309, in <module>
File "<stdin>", line 15, in PrintBoards
TypeError: argument 2 to map() must support iteration
我还尝试在 PrintBoards 函数之后打印 Player 和 Opponent 列表，以确保它们包含 0 和 1(指的是 DisplayChar 函数)，他们这样做(当插入到原件中，而不是当我放入新的很长的代码时)
接下来是对迈克尔的回应
PLAYER OPPONENT
[[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
A | ? ? ? ? ? ?
<function Deploy_Destroyer_1 at 0x1c2634>
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
B
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 314, in <module>
File "<stdin>", line 17, in PrintBoards
TypeError: argument 2 to map() must support iteration
在有人好心指出我是赋值函数而不是调用函数后，我发现又出现了一个错误(我觉得Python不喜欢我)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 313, in <module>
File "<stdin>", line 17, in PrintBoards
TypeError: argument 2 to map() must support iteration
下面我还包括了我调用该函数的位置，以防我做了一些愚蠢的事情
Player, Opponent = InitBoards()
Player = DeployFleet(Player), Deploy_Destroyer_1(Player)
PrintBoards(Player,Opponent)
我把它改成 Micheal0x2a 所说的，它运行没有错误，但是代码放置的飞船消失了
据我了解，PrintBoards 函数通过将列表中的项目映射到 DisplayChar 函数(如果 2 是列表中的一项，则打印 X 等)。所以我的新手知识告诉我，Deploy_Destroyer_1 函数应该在 Player = 中的 Main 函数(包含在上面)中调用，以确保项目列表中的内容已更改，因此打印的字符应该更改。
我猜我的新代码 (Deploy_Destroyer_1) 有问题，它没有正确执行此操作(要么不更改列表中的项目，因此不打印正确的字符，或其他我想不到的东西)。
不过也有很大的可能是我把自己弄糊涂了
我只学习 Python 几个星期，所以如果有人需要更多细节以帮助我，请询问
最佳答案
如果您来到这里是因为您正在寻找“TypeError:序列项 0:预期的字符串，未找到 NoneType”的根本原因，那么它可能来自于沿着这些方向做的事情。 .
','.join([None])
关于python - TypeError:序列项 0:预期字符串，未找到 NoneType，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18852324/
总的来说，我对ruby还比较陌生，我正在为我正在创建的对象编写一些rspec测试用例。许多测试用例都非常基础，我只是想确保正确填充和返回值。我想知道是否有办法使用循环结构来执行此操作。不必为我要测试的每个方法都设置一个assertEquals。例如:describeitem,"TestingtheItem"doit"willhaveanullvaluetostart"doitem=Item.new#HereIcoulddotheitem.name.shouldbe_nil#thenIcoulddoitem.category.shouldbe_nilendend但我想要一些方法来使用
我有一个字符串input="maybe(thisis|thatwas)some((nice|ugly)(day|night)|(strange(weather|time)))"Ruby中解析该字符串的最佳方法是什么？我的意思是脚本应该能够像这样构建句子:maybethisissomeuglynightmaybethatwassomenicenightmaybethiswassomestrangetime等等，你明白了......我应该一个字符一个字符地读取字符串并构建一个带有堆栈的状态机来存储括号值以供以后计算，还是有更好的方法？也许为此目的准备了一个开箱即用的库？
我的目标是转换表单输入，例如“100兆字节”或“1GB”，并将其转换为我可以存储在数据库中的文件大小(以千字节为单位)。目前，我有这个:defquota_convert@regex=/([0-9]+)(.*)s/@sizes=%w{kilobytemegabytegigabyte}m=self.quota.match(@regex)if@sizes.include?m[2]eval("self.quota=#{m[1]}.#{m[2]}")endend这有效，但前提是输入是倍数(“gigabytes”，而不是“gigabyte”)并且由于使用了eval看起来疯狂不安全。所以，功能正常，
在我的Rails(2.3，Ruby1.8.7)应用程序中，我需要将字符串截断到一定长度。该字符串是unicode，在控制台中运行测试时，例如'א'.length，我意识到返回了双倍长度。我想要一个与编码无关的长度，以便对unicode字符串或latin1编码字符串进行相同的截断。我已经了解了Ruby的大部分unicode资料，但仍然有些一头雾水。应该如何解决这个问题？ 最佳答案 Rails有一个返回多字节字符的mb_chars方法。试试unicode_string.mb_chars.slice(0,50)
关闭。这个问题是opinion-based.它目前不接受答案。想要改进这个问题？更新问题，以便editingthispost可以用事实和引用来回答它.关闭4年前。Improvethisquestion我想在固定时间创建一系列低音和高音调的哔哔声。例如:在150毫秒时发出高音调的蜂鸣声在151毫秒时发出低音调的蜂鸣声200毫秒时发出低音调的蜂鸣声250毫秒的高音调蜂鸣声有没有办法在Ruby或Python中做到这一点？我真的不在乎输出编码是什么(.wav、.mp3、.ogg等等)，但我确实想创建一个输出文件。
对于具有离线功能的智能手机应用程序，我正在为Xml文件创建单向文本同步。我希望我的服务器将增量/差异(例如GNU差异补丁)发送到目标设备。这是计划:Time=0Server:hasversion_1ofXmlfile(~800kiB)Client:hasversion_1ofXmlfile(~800kiB)Time=1Server:hasversion_1andversion_2ofXmlfile(each~800kiB)computesdeltaoftheseversions(=patch)(~10kiB)sendspatchtoClient(~10kiBtransferred)Cl
大约一年前，我决定确保每个包含非唯一文本的Flash通知都将从模块中的方法中获取文本。我这样做的最初原因是为了避免一遍又一遍地输入相同的字符串。如果我想更改措辞，我可以在一个地方轻松完成，而且一遍又一遍地重复同一件事而出现拼写错误的可能性也会降低。我最终得到的是这样的:moduleMessagesdefformat_error_messages(errors)errors.map{|attribute,message|"Error:#{attribute.to_s.titleize}#{message}."}enddeferror_message_could_not_find(obje
我试图获取一个长度在1到10之间的字符串，并输出将字符串分解为大小为1、2或3的连续子字符串的所有可能方式。例如:输入:123456将整数分割成单个字符，然后继续查找组合。该代码将返回以下所有数组。[1,2,3,4,5,6][12,3,4,5,6][1,23,4,5,6][1,2,34,5,6][1,2,3,45,6][1,2,3,4,56][12,34,5,6][12,3,45,6][12,3,4,56][1,23,45,6][1,2,34,56][1,23,4,56][12,34,56][123,4,5,6][1,234,5,6][1,2,345,6][1,2,3,456][123
我正在使用的第三方API的文档状态:"[O]urAPIonlyacceptspaddedBase64encodedstrings."什么是“填充的Base64编码字符串”以及如何在Ruby中生成它们。下面的代码是我第一次尝试创建转换为Base64的JSON格式数据。xa=Base64.encode64(a.to_json) 最佳答案 他们说的padding其实就是Base64本身的一部分。它是末尾的“=”和“==”。Base64将3个字节的数据包编码为4个编码字符。所以如果你的输入数据有长度n和n%3=1=>"=="末尾用于填充n%
我有一大串格式化数据(例如JSON)，我想使用Psychinruby同时保留格式转储到YAML。基本上，我希望JSON使用literalstyle出现在YAML中:---json:|{"page":1,"results":["item","another"],"total_pages":0}但是，当我使用YAML.dump时，它不使用文字样式。我得到这样的东西:---json:!"{\n\"page\":1,\n\"results\":[\n\"item\",\"another\"\n],\n\"total_pages\":0\n}\n"我如何告诉Psych以想要的样式转储标量？解