我正在努力测试(通过 JUnit4 和 Spring MockMvc)使用 Spring-boot 的 REST 服务适配器。适配器只是将向它发出的请求传递给另一个 REST 服务(使用自定义 RestTemplate)并将额外的数据附加到响应中。

我想运行 MockMvc 测试来执行 Controller 集成测试，但想用模拟覆盖 Controller 中的 RestTemplate 以允许我预定义第三个方 REST 响应并防止它在每次测试期间被击中。我已经能够通过实例化一个 MockMvcBuilders.standAloneSetup() 并将其传递给要使用此 post 中列出的模拟注入(inject)进行测试的 Controller 来完成此操作。 (以及我下面的设置)，但是我无法使用 MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup() 执行相同的操作。

我看过其他几篇文章，但没有一篇回答关于如何实现这一点的问题。我想使用实际的 Spring 应用程序上下文进行测试，而不是独立的，以防止随着应用程序可能增长而出现任何差距。

编辑:我正在使用 Mockito 作为我的模拟框架，并试图将其模拟之一注入(inject)到上下文中。如果这不是必需的，那就更好了。

Controller :

@RestController
@RequestMapping(Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_PATH)
public class Controller{

    @Autowired
    private DataProvider dp;    

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate template;

    @RequestMapping(value = Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_RESOURCE, method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Response getResponse(
            @RequestParam(required = true) String data,
            @RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "80") String minScore
            ) throws Exception {

        Response resp = new Response();

        // Set the request params from the client request
        Map<String, String> parameters = new HashMap<String, String>();
        parameters.put(Constants.PARAM_DATA, data);
        parameters.put(Constants.PARAM_FORMAT, Constants.PARAMS_FORMAT.JSON);

        resp = template.getForObject(Constants.RESTDATAPROVIDER_URL, Response.class, parameters);

        if(resp.getError() == null){
            resp.filterScoreLessThan(new BigDecimal(minScore));
            new DataHandler(dp).populateData(resp.getData());
        }
        return resp;
    }
}

测试类:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MainSpringBootAdapter.class)
@TestPropertySource("/application-junit.properties")
public class WacControllerTest {

    private static String controllerURL = Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_PATH + Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_RESOURCE + compressedParams_all;
    private static String compressedParams_all = "?data={data}&minScore={minScore}";

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @InjectMocks
    private Controller Controller;

    @Mock
    private RestTemplate rt;

    @Value("${file}")
    private String file;

    @Spy
    private DataProvider dp;

    @Before
    public void setup() throws Exception {
        dp = new DataProvider(file);    
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetResponse() throws Exception {

        String[] strings = {"requestData", "100"};

        Mockito.when(
            rt.getForObject(Mockito.<String> any(), Mockito.<Class<Object>> any(), Mockito.<Map<String, ?>> any()))
            .thenReturn(populateTestResponse());

        mockMvc.perform(get(controllerURL, strings)
            .accept(Constants.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
            .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());

        Mockito.verify(rt, Mockito.times(1)).getForObject(Mockito.<String> any(), Mockito.<Class<?>> any(), Mockito.<Map<String, ?>> any());

        }


        private Response populateTestResponse() {
            Response  resp = new Response();

            resp.setScore(new BigDecimal(100));
            resp.setData("Some Data");

            return resp;
    }
}

最佳答案

Spring 的 MockRestServiceServer 正是您要找的。

类的 javadoc 的简短描述:

Main entry point for client-side REST testing. Used for tests that involve direct or indirect (through client code) use of the RestTemplate. Provides a way to set up fine-grained expectations on the requests that will be performed through the RestTemplate and a way to define the responses to send back removing the need for an actual running server.

尝试像这样设置你的测试:

@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {YourSpringConfig.class})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class ExampleResourceTest {

    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    private MockRestServiceServer mockRestServiceServer;

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    @Autowired
    private RestOperations restOperations;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
        mockRestServiceServer = MockRestServiceServer.createServer((RestTemplate) restOperations);
    }


    @Test
    public void testMyApiCall() throws Exception {
        // Following line verifies that our code behind /api/my/endpoint made a REST PUT
        // with expected parameters to remote service successfully
        expectRestCallSuccess();

        this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/api/my/endpoint"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk());
    }

    private void expectRestCallSuccess() {
        mockRestServiceServer.expect(
            requestTo("http://remote.rest.service/api/resource"))
            .andExpect(method(PUT))
            .andRespond(withSuccess("{\"message\": \"hello\"}", APPLICATION_JSON));
    }


}

关于java - 将模拟注入(inject) Spring MockMvc WebApplicationContext，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31819375/